1 - 15 APR 1945
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1945 1st ˝:
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1945 2nd ˝:
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The basic chronology and general information on these pages is a composite of entries excerpted from “Air War Pacific Chronology: America’s Air War Against Japan in East Asia and the Pacific 1941-1945” by Eric Hammel (Pacifica, CA: Pacifica Press, 1988 ISBN 0-933353-26-6)
and, “USAAF Chronology: Combat Chronology of the US Army Air Forces” by Jack McKillop (Piscataway, NJ).
Also on line at Rutgers University.
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Note:
Shaded boxes show updates and comments from members of our B-29 mailing list, many of whom were there.
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MARIANAS:
During the month of April 1945, the 25th BS, 40th BG, the 676th, 677th, 678th BS, 444th BG, 768th, 769th, 770th BS and the 462nd BG move from Chakulia, Dudhkundi, and Piardoba, India respectively to West Field Tinian.
1 APRIL 1945 (The final assault: VJ - 154 days)
JAPAN:
Two missions are flown during the night of 1-2 April:
(Mission 51) One hundred and fifteen of 121 B-29's dispatched from the 73rd BW attack the Nakajima aircraft plant in Tokyo. They claim 1-1-0 Japanese aircraft. Six B-29's are lost.
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Eight B-29's were lost March 30 - April 1/2:
42-24614 - 498th BG - MACR 13766 "Joltin' Josie, The Pacific Pioneer" ditched after take off, Currier crew lost
42-24650 - 499th BG - MACR 13763 - "Jug Haid II" Dustin crew, 2 survivors
42-24727 - 498th BG - MACR 14233 - ditched, MacDonald crew, 10 survivors
42-63510 - 498th BG - "Heavenly Body" surveyed after mission
42-93883 - 497th BG - MACR 13764 - Dietzel crew lost
42-93999 - 498th BG - MACR 13762 - "Filthy Fay II" Smith crew , 3 survivors
Crashed in Atago Mountain, Yoshino Village, Nishitama County, Tokyo. 5 KIA:
1st Lt. Carl G. Smith - KIA
2nd Lt Cecil E. Coats - KIA
2nd St. Francis G. McGinty - KIA
2nd Lt. Benjamin C. Stauber - KIA
T/Sgt. William D. McCormack - KIA
6 POW - They were imprisoned in Tokyo Kempei Tai Headquarters. 2 died of their wounds, while 4 survived:
Sgt. Kenneth Peterson - POW - Died at Tokyo Kempei Tai
2nd Lt. John S. Houghton - POW - Died at Tokyo Kempei Tai
S/Sgt. Francis M. Reynolds - POW/Liberated
S/Sgt. Sylvio Lamaroa - POW/Liberated
Sgt. Morris W. Sansouci - POW/Liberated
S/Sgt. John W. Evans - POW/Liberated
44-69666 - 500th BG - MACR 14230 - Law crew lost
44-69752 - 498th BG - MACR 13761 - shot down, Filbert crew lost
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T Square 54
Mission #9: Cruce, Nakajima a/c engine plant at Tokyo experimental night precision, ineffective, 7 a/c lost.
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(Mission 52) Six B-29's from the 313th BW sow mines in the harbor at Kure between 0000 and 0400 hours local without loss.
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Three B-29's are lost:
42-24864 - 504th BG - MACR 13462 - Lt. John Brown Crew
44-69675 - 6th BG - MACR 13464 - Lt. Paul A. Steel Crew - entire crew MIA
42-24916 - 6th BG - MACR 13465 - Lt. William C. Grounds Crew - entire crew POW.
Mr. Morgan gave a detailed report on the 6th BG B-29's.
42-24864:
John A. Brown - KIA
Albert H. Andrews - POW
Fiske Hanley - POW
Baxter J. Love - KIA
Harlan E. Fintel - KIA
Charles A. Anderson - KIA
Richard E. Dunlavey - KIA
James E. Griffith - KIA
Albert H. Francescon - KIA
Leroy F. Rose - KIA
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RYUKYU ISLANDS:
Infantry units from the Tenth Army (composed of Army and Marine divisions) invade Okinawa at 0830 hours local. Elements of the III Marine Amphibious Corps quickly capture Yontan Field and elements of the Army's XXIV Corps seize Kadena field.
2 APRIL 1945
JAPAN:
(Mission 53) During the night of 2-3 April, nine of 10 313th BW B-29's dispatched sow mines off Hiroshima without loss.
3 APRIL 1945
JAPAN:
Four missions were flown during the night and early morning hours of 3-4 April:
(Mission 54) Nine B-29's from the 313th BW sow mines off of Hiroshima without loss.
(Mission 55) Forty-eight of 49 B-29's from the 314th BW attack an aircraft plant at Shizuoka without loss.
(Mission 56) Forty-three of 78 B-29's dispatched from the 313th BW attack an aircraft factory at Koizumi, and 18 B-29's attack other targets in the Tokyo urban area; they claim 1-0-0 Japanese aircraft.
(Mission 57) Sixty-one of 115 B-29's dispatched from the 73rd BW attack an aircraft plant at Tachikawa, and 49 B-29's attack the Kawasaki urban area. One B-29 is lost.
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One B-29 was lost 3/4 April 1945:
44-69751 - 500th BG - Z31 - MACR 13765 - Major Robert Sewell, Jr., Crew lost/MIA.
Pilot: AC Maj. Robert Sewell, Jr. (KIA)
Copilot: 2/Lt. Merle S. Eaton (KIA)
Bombardier: 2/LT. Stephen Louis (KIA)
NAVIGATOR 2/LT. IRWIN GENDELMAN (KIA)
FLT. ENG. 2/LT. ISAAC SAMAREL (KIA)
RADIO SGT. MAURICE R. KOMOCAR (KIA)
RING GUN. SGT. AUSBON JUDD (KIA)
R. GUN. S/SGT. THOMAS E. McEVOY (CFC) (KIA)
L. GUN. SGT. WILLIAM C. POOLE (KIA), 73rd BW 500th BG 882nd BSQ MIA/Buried at Sea on 5 April 1945 Mission # 57 to Japan
RADAR S/SGT. KURT PORJESZ (KIA)
TAIL GUN. SGT. HARRY L. MEARS, JR. (KIA)
Robert Sewell, Jr., Major, U.S. Army Air Forces 0-398518
882nd Bomber Squadron, 500th Bomber Group, Very Heavy
Entered the Service from: Pennsylvania
Died: April 5, 1946
Missing in Action or Buried at Sea
Tablets of the Missing at Honolulu Memorial Honolulu, Hawaii
Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, Air Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster, Purple Heart
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Lee Florence's Diary:
Took off for raid on Engine Plant at Tokyo. T.0. 10 PM. Bombed in early morning. Landed at 0955. Total time 11 :45 Heavy flak. Alt. 10,000'.
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T Square 54
Mission #10: Lt. White, Tachikawa a/c plant 20% destroyed
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4 APRIL 1945
MARIANAS:
HQ 40th and 462nd BG's arrive at Tinian/West Field from India.
5 APRIL 1945
MARIANAS:
HQ 315th BW arrives at Guam/Northwest Field from the United States.
6 APRIL 1945
MARIANAS:
HQ 468th BG arrives at Tinian/West Field from India.
7 APRIL 1945
JAPAN:
Two mission are flown:
(Mission 58) One hundred and one of 107 B-29's dispatched from the 73rd BW attack the Nakajima aircraft plant in Tokyo; and 31 B-29's attack various targets and targets of last resort. AAF claims 80-23-50 Japanese aircraft (see below). Five B-29's are lost.
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Three aircraft lost 4/7 over Tokyo:
42-65212 498 BG, MACR 13658, Wise Crew, 11 MIA
Broken into two parts and crashed in Kokuryo and Shimofuda, Chofu Town, Tokyo. 10 KIA, 1 POW: Imprisoned in Tokyo Kempei Tai Headquarters, liberated after the war.
42-24674 499 BG, MACR 13625, Hibbard Crew, 8 MIA 4 POW
Crashed in Shimomorito, Toyosato Village, Katori County, Chiba Prefecture. 8 KIA, 4 POW: 2 prisoners were burnt to death in the Tokyo Military Prison fire May 25, 1945. Remaining 2 were imprisoned at Kempei Tai Headquarters and returned to US after the war.
42-24600 "Adam's Eve" 500 BG, MACR 13657, King Crew Lost
Elmer "Bruz" Kerschner Jr. was on 42-24600, which was rammed by Japanese fighter pilot Lt. Takashi Kawano and crashed in Kugayama, Suginami-Ku, Tokyo. The entire crew were KIA, as was the Japanese pilot.
An additional loss:
42-93881 - 498th BG - Geer Crew survived - crashed Tinian
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T Square 54
Mission #11: Lt. White, Musashino a/c engine plant 1 a/c lost, 22 damaged.
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(Mission 59) One hundred fifty-three of 194 B-29's dispatched from the 313th and 314th BW's attack the Mitsubishi aircraft plant in Nagoya; 29 others hit targets of opportunity; they claim 21-11-22 Japanese aircraft (see below). Two B-29's are lost.
(This is the first mission to Japan to be escorted by VII Fighter Command P-51's (91 of 108) based on Iwo Jima. Escorts from the 15th FG down 19 Japanese aircraft over Tokyo and the fighters from the 21st FG escorting B-29's over Nagoya down 7 additional aircraft. Two P-51's are lost)
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Two aircraft, both 29th BG, lost 4/7 Nagoya:
44-69669 - 29th BG - MACR 14231 - Buttfield Crew
Crashed by an unknown cause at Seko, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya City. 12 KIA.
42-65350 - 29th BG - MACR 14232 - Crowcroft Crew
Crashed by an unknown cause in Inokoishi, Idaka Village, Aichi County, Aichi Prefecture. 8 KIA, 3 POW: They were moved to Tokai Army Headquarters for interrogation, then moved to Tokyo and imprisoned in Omori POW Camp. All 3 returned to the US after the war:
1st. Lt. Melvin Green
Sgt. William E. Price
Sgt. Leroy Siegel
An additional loss:
42-65347 6th BG, 24th Bomb Sq., MACR 13713, Preston Crew, 7 KIA, 4 rescued.
Shortly after takeoff, Victor 5347 crashed and exploded in the ocean about two miles east of the island. Sgt. W.P. Ford (CFC gunner), Sgt. E.E. Birsner (radar operator), Sgt. T.F. Wipperman (right gunner) and Sgt. J.A. Douglas (left gunner) were only slightly injured and were recovered by rescue boats along with the body of Lt. Lloyd E. Rinne, navigator. 6 of the 7 Listed as KIA are:
Capt. Clark A. Preston - AC
2nd Lt. Donald T. Goodwin - CP
2nd Lt. Lloyd E. Rinne
T/Sgt. Eugene M. Arms
Sgt. Marcos S. Duran
Sgt. Donald J. Parker
Alexander R. Amell recently wrote,
"April 6-8, '45 brought back some memories of an unfortunate incident in connection with the Apr.7th Nagoya raid. That was my crew's (6th Sq., 29th BG, 314th) 4th mission. Our squadron had not had any previous losses to enemy action although we had lost one in training. We were one of the first squadrons going over the target at Nagoya and the flak was very heavy. The plane on our left took a direct hit on the right wing and immediately spun out of control. No one got out.
"Somehow, we mistook the plane for that of William Watson instead of that of William Buttfield, which it was. We were the first plane of our squadron back to Guam. Waiting to greet us was James Baird, our squadron commander. Baird had completed a tour in the 8th AF. One of his close friends and fellow pilot during that tour was William Watson and when Baird assumed command of our squadron he asked to have Watson assigned to his squadron.
"As we deplaned Baird asked us how it went and our AC blurted out: "They got Watson." Baird was shocked, turned away and walked to the side of the hardstand with his eyes filled with tears.
"While he was standing there whose plane should taxi by but that of Watson! Our AC apologized profusely to Baird who was very understanding of the whole matter.
"Unfortunately, about a week later they did get Watson (4/15/45) on a mission to Kawasaki. The 6th also lost Frank Crowcroft on the April 7th mission to Nagoya. I have previously written the very interesting (to me, at least) story of the ramming of his plane on that mission. In a letter to my mother following the Apr.7th Nagoya raid I wrote: "Mother, I'm glad and thankful to get back from that one. I don't know if God's my co-pilot or not but we sure had someone besides Lang flying up there."
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MARIANAS:
HQ 444th BG arrives at Guam/Northwest Field from India and HQ 462nd BG arrives at Tinian/West Field from India.
8 APRIL 1945
JAPAN:
Two missions are flown against airfields on Kyushu from which Kamikaze attacks are originating:
(Mission 60) Twenty-nine of 32 B-29's from the 73rd and 313th BW's attack two airfields in the Kanoya area with 192 tons of bombs.
(Mission 61) Forty-eight B-29's attack the airfield at Kokubu. One B-29 is lost.
RYUKYU ISLANDS:
ATC and NATS transport aircraft mount the first casualty-evacuation flights from Okinawa to the Marianas.
9 APRIL 1945
JAPAN:
(Mission 62) During the night of 9-10 April sixteen B-29's dispatched from the 313th BW sow mines in the Shimonoseki Strait without loss.
10 APRIL 1945
No actions reported.
11 APRIL 1945
No actions reported.
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Lee Florence's Diary:
Weather strike to Korea. T .0. 6 AM Alt. 31,000'. No trouble. Landed at Guam.
(Later Note: I think bad weather at Saipan forced us to divert to Guam. Went back to Saipan the next morning.)
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12 APRIL 1945
ZONE OF THE INTERIOR - The Commander-in-Chief, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, dies in Warm Springs, Georgia and Harry S Truman is sworn in as the new President.
JAPAN:
Four missions are flown:
(Mission 63) Ninety-four B-29's escorted by 90 P-51's, strike the Nakajima aircraft factory at Tokyo with 490 tons of bombs, while 11 hit the secondary target, the Shizuoka engine plant; B-29 gunners claim 16 Japanese aircraft. P-51's claim 15-6-3 Japanese fighters. Four P-51's are lost.
(Mission 64) Sixty-six B-29's hit a chemical plant at Koriyama and 9 hit targets of opportunity. This is the first combat mission for the 39th and 330th BG's.
(Mission 65) Seventy B-29's hit a second chemical plant at Koriyama and 6 hit targets of opportunity. Two B-29's are lost.
(During the attack on Koriyama, a phosphorus smoke bomb explodes in a 29th BG plane's launching chute and is shot into the airplanes fuselage. SSgt Henry E. Erwin carries the burning bomb to a hatch and ejects it into the air sustaining severe burns on his body. For his action he is awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor.)
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Aircraft lost:
44-69795, 330th BG, (no MACR yet), Ziegele crew, crashed while landing back on Guam after their first mission. 10 killed, 1 survived:
A/C Lt. Robert R Ziegele, killed
Pilot 2nd Lt George R Longsdorf, killed
Bombardier 1st Lt Charles E Cooper, killed
Navigator 1st Lt Dave R Anderson, killed
Radar nav 2nd Lt Willard W Larech, killed
Flt Engineer M/Sgt Ray M Cline, killed
Gunner Sgt Arthur S Johnson Jr, killed
Gunner Sgt Clinton E Coker, killed
Gunner Cpl Nicholas G Brando, killed
Gunner Pfc Victor N Wright, killed
Radio Operator S/Sgt Clinton A Spear, Survived
44-69857 330th BG, MACR 14238, Ditched from Koriyama Lawrence crew 7 survivors
42-93837 330th BG, 459, Sq K-59, Ditched, out of fuel returning from Koriyama
AC 1st Lt James F Lawrence KIA
P 2nd Lt Clyde L Wood KIA
RDR FO Robert F Schieder KIA
RG Cpl Leo H Richards KIA
N Edward R Hyde (saved)
B 2nd Lt Arthue B Pearson (saved)
FE MSG Orval L Haugen (saved)
RO Lewis E Wilhelm (saved)
CFC Donald A Bush (saved)
LG Michael C Balogh (saved)
TG Clinton V Krausz (saved)
(From Rich Howlett, with Smisek's info)
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T Square 54
Mission #12: Lt. White, Musashino a/c engine plant 38.5% left standing. no lost, 13 damaged.
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(Mission 66) During the night of 12-13 April, 5 B-29's mine Shimonoseki Strait.
13 APRIL 1945
JAPAN::
(Mission 67) During the night of 13-14 April, 327 B-29's from the XXI BC attack the Tokyo Arsenel with 2,120 tons of bombs. Seven B-29's are lost.
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Aircraft lost are:
42-65344 499th BG, MACR 14236, Tokyo, Rubenstein crew, 11 MIA
Crashed in Yako, Ajiki Town, Inba County, Chiba Prefecture. 10 KIA, 1 POW who died in the fire at the Tokyo Military Prison on May 25, 1945.
42-24644, 499th BG, MACR 14237, Tokyo, Latimer crew 11 MIA
Crashed in Kitasawara, Sawara Town, Chiba County, Chiba Prefecture. 6 KIA, 5 POW: 3 prisoners died in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on May 25, 1945; 1 POW died from his wounds at the Tokyo Kempei Tai Headquarters; 1 POW was imprisoned in Ofuna POW Camp and was Liberated at the end of the war.
44-69795 330th BG, 458 Sq, K-43, Shot down over Tokyo.
B 2nd Lt John T Price
RDR 2nd Lt George J Kruse jr
LG CPL Calvin R Raymond
AC 1st Lt Alpheus G Carle, POW died in fire
P 2nd Lt Andrew J Litz, POW died in fire
N 2nd Lt William F Muhlenburg, POW died in fire
FE TSG Jim W Verhines, POW died in fire
RO SSG Lawrence T Duffy, POW died in fire
CFC CPL Allen L Morsch, POW died in fire
RG CPL Darwin J Muller, POW died in fire
TG PFC Edwin P Lund, POW died in fire
Observer Lt Col Doyne L Turner, POW died in fire
The 9 POWs died in the Tokyo fire of May 23rd when the Japanese guards refused to let them out of their cells. The guards responsible were tried at the end of the war and shot as war criminals. The fate of the other 3 (Price, Kruse, & Raymond) is not known.
44-69799 330th BG, MACR 14240, Tokyo, Carle crew 12 MIA
Crashed in Sanuma, Omiya Village, Inashika County, Ibaragi Prefecture. 1 KIA, 11 POW who all died in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on May 25, 1945.
42-63517 505th BG, MACR, 14283, Koriyama, Locks crew.
42-65300 19th BG, MACR 14282, Tokyo, Burns crew.
Crashed in Ichihara-cho, Kawaquchi City, Saitama Prefecture, 11KIA.
42-65312 29th BG, MACR 14284, Tokyo, Fritschel crew.
Crashed in Yatsu, Tsudanuma Town, Chiba County, Chiba Prefecture, 11 KIA.
42-24604 497th BG, MACR 13833, MIA weather mission Tokyo, Abar crew lost
Crashed in Ikebukuro 5-chome, Tosima-Ku, Tokyo, 11 KIA.
Additional losses:
42-24903 - 19th BG - MACR 14273 - Tokyo - McDonald crew
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Lee Florence's Diary:
Took off for Super Dumbo. Night blitz to Tokyo. Latimer missing. Flight time 16 hours.
(A Super Dumbo was a plane that circled at high altitude off the coast of Japan to make contact with airplanes that were having serious problems. We were to keep in touch with them and relay their position to submarines in the area, who then could make a rescue. We never had a call from Latimer.)
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T Square 54
Mission #13: Cpt. Cruce, Tokyo arsenal district, burned 10.7 sq miles.
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14 APRIL 1945
MARIANAS:
The HQ's 16th and 501st BG's, 16th, 17th, 21st, and 485th BS's arrive at Guam/Northwest Field from the United States.
15 APRIL 1945
JAPAN:
Two missions are flown during the night of 15-16 April:
(Mission 68) One hundred and ninety-four B-29's from the 313th and 314th BW's attack the Kawasaki urban area, and eight B-29's attack other targets. Twelve B-29's are lost.
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9 of the aircraft lost are:
42-24821 504th BG, MACR 14278, Barlow crew
42-63545 "Umbriago," 9th BG.
Crashed in Ishigami, Shiratori Village, Ichihara County, Chiba Prefecture. 8 KIA, 4 POW: Cpl. Marvin G. Greenspan resisted the Japanese soldiers when he was captured and murdered by them, 2 died in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on May 25, 1945, 1 was Liberated after the war.
2nd Lt. Edward E. Sullivan - KIA
FO John T. Hostey - KIA
2nd Lt. Harold J. Nelson, Jr. - KIA
2nd Lt. James A. Reinhart, Jr. - KIA
2nd Lt. Harvey M. Glick - KIA
Maj. Ralph H. Chapel - 9th BG Staff - KIA
Cpl. Robert W. Seitz - KIA
Sgt. Delroy L. Hartel - KIA
T/Sgt. Frederick E. Hulse - KIA
Sgt. Jean J. Schwarz - KIA
Sgt. Marvin J. Greenspan - Executed
Sgt. Nick Gazibara, Jr. POW - Liberated
9th BG, MACR 14278, Malo crew 11 MIA
Crashed in sea near Hashirimizu, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture. 10 KIA, 1 POW: Burnt to death in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on 25 May 1945. (Was first crew to land at Iwo Jima on 4 Mar 45)
A/C 1st Lt Raymond F. Malo
P 2nd Lt Edwin Mockler
N 2nd Lt Bernard S. Bennison
B 2nd Lt Leo R. Eschman
FE TSgt George T. Carr
RO SSgt James G. Cox
CFC Sgt Alan K. Hill
RG Cpl Kenneth E. Logan
LG Sgt James T. O'Neil
RN Sgt John Casarda
TG SSgt Walter R. Odgers
9th BG, MACR 14276, Carver crew 10 KIA 1 survivor
Crashed in 2-chome, Ota-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama City. 9 KIA, 2 POW: 1 was burnt to death in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on May 25, 1945, the other POW was moved to Ofuna POW Camp and returned to USA after the war.
Lt. Samuel Carver, Jr. - KIA
Lt. Ray E. Harry - KIA
Lt. Howard F. Hammer - KIA
Lt. Wayne W. Bailey - KIA
Lt. John W. Scanlon, Jr. - KIA
Sgt. John W. Schimel - KIA
Cpl. James I. Marten - KIA
Sgt. Reynold E. Jenkins - KIA
Cpl. Herbert A. Donegan - KIA
Cpl. Paul R. Studenroth - KIA
Cpl. Nick Cristiano - POW - Liberated
29th BG, MACR 14271, Watson crew 12 MIA
Crashed off the Coast of Enoshima Island, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture. 8 KIA, 4 POW: 1 died from his wounds at Tokyo Kempei Tai Headquarters, 3 were burnt to death in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on 25 May 1945.
44-69673 19th BG, MACR 13925, Miller crew 12 KIA
Crashed in Sofifi temple, Higashiterao-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City. 12 KIA.
44-69834 9th BG, MACR 14277, 12 MIA
Crashed near Sosin Women's School, Nakamaru, Naka-ku, Yokohama City. 8 KIA, 4 POW: 2 died of their wounds at Tokyo Kempei Tai Headquarters, 2 were burnt to death in the fire at Tokyo Military Prison on 25 May 1945.
44-69871 19th Bg, MACR 14269, Scholfield crew 10 KIA 1 survivor
Crashed in Sueyoshi, Ohitsu Village, Kimitsu County, Chiba Prefecture 4 KIA, 6 POW: 5 died in the Tokyo Military Prison fire on May 25, 1945, 1 was moved to Ofuna POW Camp and Liberated at the end of the war.
44-69882 29th BG, MACR 14270, Russell crew 12 KIA
Crashed in Nara-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama City. 11 KIA, 1 POW: He was burnt to death at he Tokyo Military Prison on 25 May 1945.
44-69907 39th BG, MACR 14279, Southhall crew 11 MIA
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(Mission 69) One hundred and nine B-29's attack the Tokyo urban area. One B-29 is lost.
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The lost aircraft is:
42-24664 Crash landed Iwo
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Lee Florence's Diary
T .0. 1700 Super Dumbo Night blitz to Kawaski. Flight time 16 hours.
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T Square 54
Mission #14: Lt. White, S. Tokyo (Kawasaki) urban area, burned 9.6 sq miles.
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1944:
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1945 1st ˝:
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1945 2nd ˝:
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